Try this query in phpmyadmin
SELECT opts.option_id 'Option ID', opts.option_name 'Option Name', LENGTH(opts.option_value) "Size in bytes", round(((length(opts.option_value)) / 1024), 2) "Size in KB", round(((length(opts.option_value)) / 1024 / 1024), 2) "Size in MB" FROM wp_options opts ORDER BY CHAR_LENGTH(option_value) DESC;
to sort by size options in wp_options; that way, you can find large old options from unused/old plugins and delete them.
Try https://wordpress.org/plugins/query-monitor/ to check for plugins that are database intensive.